2^nd International Conference on Petro Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources October 26-27, 2020 Dubai, UAE

Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that uses principles of chemistry, physics, mathematics, biology, and economics to efficiently use, produce, design, transport and transform energy and materials. The work of chemical engineers can range from the utilization of Nano-technology and Nano-materials in the laboratory to large-scale industrial processes that convert chemicals, raw materials, living cells, microorganisms, and energy into useful forms and products.

Biochemical engineering, also known as bioprocess engineering, is a field of study with roots stemming from chemical engineering and biological engineering. It mainly deals with the design, construction, and advancement of unit processes that involve biological organisms or organic molecules and has various applications in areas of interest such as biofuels, food, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and water treatment processes. The role of a biochemical engineer is to take findings developed by biologists and chemists in a laboratory and translate that to a large-scale manufacturing process.

Offshore drilling is a mechanical process where a wellbore is drilled below the seabed. It is typically carried out in order to explore for and subsequently extract petroleum which lies in rock formations beneath the seabed. Most commonly, the term is used to describe drilling activities on the continental shelf, though the term can also be applied to drilling in lakes, inshore waters and inland seas. Offshore drilling presents environmental challenges, both from the produced hydrocarbons and the materials used during the drilling operation.

Upstream oil and gas operations identify deposits, drill wells, and recover raw materials from underground. This sector also includes related services, such as rig operations, feasibility studies, and machinery rental and extraction chemical supply. Many of the largest upstream operators are the major diversified oil and gas firms.

Midstream operations link the upstream and downstream entities. Midstream operations mostly include resource transportation and storage, such as pipelines and gathering systems.

Downstream operations include refineries and marketing. These services turn crude oil into usable products such as gasoline, fuel oils, and petroleum-based products. Marketing services help move the finished products from energy companies to retailers or end users.

Pipeline transport is the transportation of goods through a pipe. Liquids and gases are transported in pipelines and any chemically stable substance can be sent through a pipeline. Pipelines exist for the transport of crude and refined petroleum, fuels - such as oil, natural gas and biofuels - and other fluids including sewage, slurry, water, and beer.

Oil pipelines are made from steel or plastic tubes which are usually buried. The oil is moved through the pipelines by pump stations along the pipeline. Natural gas (and similar gaseous fuels) are lightly pressurized into liquids knows as Natural Gas Liquids (NGLs).

Natural gas pipelines are constructed of carbon steel. Highly toxic ammonia is theoretically the most dangerous substance to be transported through long-distance pipelines, but accidents have been rare. Hydrogen pipeline transport is the transportation of hydrogen through a pipe.

Pipelines conveying flammable or explosive material, such as natural gas or oil, pose special safety concerns and there have been various accidents. Pipelines can be the target of vandalism, sabotage, or even terrorist attacks. In war, pipelines are often the target of military attacks.

The development of drilling wells offshore in petrochemical industry offers additional energy resources. The essential seaward wellbore development process isn't altogether not quite the same as the rotational penetrating procedure utilized for arrive based boring. The primary contrasts are the sort boring equipment and changed strategies used to complete the activities in a more intricate circumstance. For offshore boring a Mechanical Properties of stable seaward stage or gliding vessel from which to penetrate must be given. These range from perpetual seaward settled or gliding stages to impermanent base bolstered or skimming boring vessels. The direction of drilling is ascertained by the dipole sharing investigation tool (DSI).

Petroleum Exploration is the process of exploring for oil and gas resources in the earth’s sedimentary basins. The process relies on the methodical application of technology by creative geoscientists that leads to viable prospects to drill and the actual drilling of these prospects with exploratory and appraisal wells.

Geological prospecting and exploration for oil and gas is a set of industrial and R&D activities for geological study of subsurface resources, identification of promising areas, and discovery of fields, their evaluation and pre-development. The final objective of geological prospecting is preparation of subsurface resources.

Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, is an area of chemistry and chemical engineering focused on the designing of products and processes that minimize or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances. Catalysis is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst, which is not consumed in the catalyzed reaction and can continue to act repeatedly. In order to achieve objectives of the Green chemistry, catalysis plays a fundamental role. Catalytic reactions are preferred in environmentally friendly green chemistry due to the reduced amount of waste generated.

Green chemistry focuses on the environmental impact of chemistry, including reducing consumption of nonrenewable resources and technological approaches for preventing pollution.

The terms "sustainable energy" and "renewable energy" are often used interchangeably, however particular renewable energy projects sometimes raise significant sustainability concerns. Renewable energy technologies are essential contributors to sustainable energy as they generally contribute to world energy security, and reduce dependence on fossil fuel resources thus mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.

Catalysis is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst, which is not consumed in the catalyzed reaction and can continue to act repeatedly. Because of this, only very small amounts of catalyst are required to alter the reaction rate in principle. In general, chemical reactions occur faster in the presence of a catalyst because the catalyst provides an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy than the non-catalyzed mechanism.

Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures in an inert atmosphere. It involves a change of chemical composition and is irreversible. Pyrolysis is most commonly used in the treatment of organic materials. It is one of the processes involved in charring wood. In general, pyrolysis of organic substances produces volatile products and leaves a solid residue enriched in carbon, char. Pyrolysis is considered as the first step in the processes of gasification or combustion.

Industrial gases are a group of gases that are specifically manufactured for use in a wide range of industries, which include oil and gas, petro chemistry, chemicals, power, mining, steelmaking, metals, environmental pollution, medicine, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, food, water, fertilizers, nuclear power, electronics and aerospace. Their production is a part of the wider chemical Industry where industrial gases are often seen as specialty chemicals. The industry producing Industrial gases is known as the industrial gases industry, which is seen as also encompassing the supply of equipment and technology to produce and use the gases.

Bioenergy describes any energy source based on biological matter-everything from a dung cooking fire or a biomass power station to ethanol-based car fuel. Unlike oil, coal or gas, bioenergy counts as a renewable energy option, because plant and animal materials can be easily regenerated. Bioenergy is often considered to be environmentally friendly because, in theory, the CO2 released when plants and trees are burned is balanced out by the CO2 absorbed by the new ones planted to replace those harvested. However, the environmental and social benefits of bioenergy are hotly contested – especially in the case of biofuels, which are often produced from food crops such as palm oil, corn or sugar.

The biofuels is sometimes used interchangeably with bioenergy, though more commonly it's used specifically to describe liquid bioenergy fuels such as biodiesel (a diesel substitute) and bioethanol (which can be used in petrol engines).

To produce materials for industry, like chemicals, plastics, food, agricultural and pharmaceutical products and energy carriers. Industrial biotechnology, which is often referred as white biotechnology utilizes microorganisms and enzymes. Waste generated from agriculture and forestry and renewable raw materials are used for the production of industrial goods. It also contributes to lowering of greenhouse gas emissions and moving away from a petrochemical based economy. Bioprocess engineering is an essential component for rapid conversion of bio products from the laboratory to a manufacturing scale. This makes the benefits of biotechnology on a large scale at a reasonable cost for common people. Bioprocess engineering may include the work of mechanical, electrical, and industrial engineers to apply idea and knowledge of their domains and process based on using living cells.

Biopolymers are polymers created by living beings; as it were, they are polymeric biomolecules. Since they are polymers, biopolymers contain monomeric units that are covalently attached to shape bigger structures. There are three fundamental classes of biopolymers, ordered by the monomeric units utilized and the structure of the biopolymer framed: polynucleotides (RNA and DNA), which are long polymers made out of at least 13 nucleotide monomers; polypeptides, which are short polymers of amino acids; and polysaccharides, which are frequently straight fortified polymeric starch structures. Other cases of biopolymers incorporate elastic, suberin, melanin and lignin.

Simulation modeling is the manner of growing and examining a digital prototype of a physical mannequin to predict its performance in the real world. It is used to assist engineers apprehend whether, below what conditions, and in which approaches a part ought to fail and what hundreds it can withstand. It can also help predict fluid glide and warmth switch patterns. It approves designers and engineers to keep away from repeated building of multiple bodily prototypes to analyses designs for new or current parts. Before developing the bodily prototype, users can honestly investigate many digital prototypes.

Nano chemistry can be characterized with the aid of principles of size, shape, self-assembly, defects and bio-Nano. So, the synthesis of any new Nano-construct is related with all these concepts. Nano-construct synthesis is dependent on how the surface, measurement and form will lead to self-assembly of the building blocks into the purposeful structures; they probably have useful defects and would possibly be useful for electronic, photonic, scientific or bio analytical problems. Nano Materials and Nanoparticle examination is right now a location of serious experimental exploration; because of a vast vary of manageable purposes in biomedical, optical, and digital fields. Nanotechnology is assisting to considerably develop, even revolutionize, extraordinary science and industry sectors.

Regenerative Nano medicine is one of the clinical purposes of nanotechnology. It tiers from the medical applications of Nano materials to Nano electronics biosensors, and the future functions of molecular nanotechnology, such as biological machines. Nano medication income reached $16 billion in 2015, with a minimum of $3.8 billion in nanotechnology R&D being invested each year.

Pharmaceutical chemical engineering is a department of Chemical Engineering that commonly offers with the sketch and building of unit operations that contain biological organisms or molecules, such as bioreactors. Its purposes are in the petrochemical industry, meals and pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and water remedy industries. A bioreactor may additionally refer to a device meant to develop cells or tissues in the atmosphere of cell culture. These devices are being developed for use in tissue engineering or biochemical engineering. Different kinds of Bioreactors are Photo bioreactor, Sewage treatment, Up and Down agitation bioreactor, NASA tissue cloning bioreactor, Moss bioreactor. The biomaterials market currently generates more than $30 billion globally, and is anticipated to amplify at a double-digit CAGR in the next few years. Orthopedic applications shape the greatest division of the basic biomaterials market. Polymer-based biomaterials are expected to provoke the next wave of market growth; and the future biochips and biosensors commercial enterprise segments additionally offer huge boom potential.

Petrochemical industry in reality consists of engineered fiber/yarn, polymers, Synthetic Rubber (elastomers), Synthetic purifier intermediates, execution plastics and plastic dealing with industry. Nowadays petrochemical gadgets pervade the entire range of day by way of day use matters and unfold fantastically tons every circle of existence like attire, lodging, development, furniture, vehicles, household unit things, agribusiness, cultivation, water system, bundling, therapeutic machines, hardware and electrical and so forth.

Petrochemicals have assuming an quintessential job in tending to our quintessential needs in the fields of nourishment and water security, secure house, apparel and materials, medicinal services, social and bodily framework, data, correspondence and amusement. The push territories for the plastic commercial enterprise contain current cultivating through plastic-culture, bundling for treated nourishments and patron non-durables, better performing plastics for automobiles and patron durables, framework advancement thru practical plastics and resourceful items for media communications and data innovation administrations area.

The future improvement territories in engineered filaments are in Polyester strands and yarn, and Acrylic Fibers. There is moreover large conceivable for improvement in specialized substances which includes execution strands. Different international locations are putting up divisions for enhancing the modern petrochemicals innovation and research to boost enhancement of new makes use of polymers and plastics.

\r\n Without continuous technological innovation, further energy financial savings will turn out to be tougher to attain. While petrochemical producers have made massive growth in energy reduction, they have almost reached a physical restriction where any similarly reduction would not be of the identical proportions as that already achieved. To proceed the momentum of energy savings, the petrochemical zone is focusing on creating merchandise with superior performance which in turn minimizes energy consumption at some stage in their lifetime. Such examples include: Insulation in construction; lightweight plastics used in motors and transportation; photo voltaic panels; wind mills and water purification systems amongst many others.

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